1. Conventional Carbon Steel & Design Standards
- Standard limit – conventional carbon steel tanks typically limit maximum design temperature to around 90°C.
- Ensures sufficient structural integrity under normal operating conditions.
- Higher temperature storage requires special steel grades and strict adherence to high‑temperature design specifications.
2. Special Steels & High‑Temperature Applications
- Extended limit – special low‑alloy high‑strength steel or stainless steel can raise design temperature to 250°C or higher.
- Requires recalculating allowable stress to prevent high‑temperature creep failure.
- Combined with specific heat treatment processes for extreme conditions.
3. Diesel Flash Point & Safety Volatilization Limits
- Critical safety factor – diesel's low flash point means high internal temperature causes rapid volatilization and explosive mixture formation.
- Actual operating temperature must be strictly controlled below safe volatilization threshold.
- Prevents fire or explosion accidents regardless of steel's heat tolerance.
4. Thermal Expansion Stress & Pressure Relief
- High‑temperature stress – rapid expansion requires breather valves or safety relief devices with adequate discharge capacity.
- Thermal cycling induces fatigue stress at welds and nozzle connections.
- Flexible design features must absorb thermal deformation to prevent rupture.