Design Features of Oil Storage Tanks - SUMAC Auto Recycling Equipment Co.,Ltd

1. Structural Configuration

Oil storage tanks predominantly adopt a cylindrical structure. This shape is highly efficient in distributing the internal pressure exerted by the stored oil. The circular cross - section ensures that the hydrostatic forces are evenly dispersed across the tank walls, minimizing stress concentrations. Vertical cylindrical tanks are commonly utilized for large - scale above - ground storage, facilitating easy access for filling and emptying operations. In contrast, horizontal cylindrical tanks are often preferred for smaller - capacity storage or when installed underground due to their compactness and adaptability to limited space.

2. Material Choice

The materials used in constructing oil storage tanks are selected with great care. Steel, especially high - strength low - alloy (HSLA) steel, is a popular option. HSLA steel offers a combination of high strength and good corrosion resistance, crucial for withstanding the harsh conditions of oil storage. For tanks storing refined oils or in corrosive environments, stainless steel may be employed. Additionally, for underground storage, fiberglass - reinforced plastic (FRP) is a viable alternative. FRP tanks are lightweight, non - conductive, and highly resistant to corrosion from soil and groundwater, ensuring long - term durability.

3. Safety - centric Design

Safety is a top priority in oil storage tank design. Pressure - relief valves are an essential component. These valves are designed to open when the internal pressure of the tank exceeds a pre - determined safe limit, which can occur due to temperature fluctuations, fire, or other abnormal situations. This mechanism prevents over - pressurization and potential tank rupture. Fire - protection measures are also integral. Fire - resistant coatings on the tank's exterior can retard the spread of fire in case of an incident. Moreover, the installation of dikes or berms around the tank is a common safety feature. In the event of a leakage or spill, these structures can contain the spilled oil, preventing environmental contamination and further hazards.

4. Ancillary Systems

Tanks are equipped with a range of ancillary systems. Inlet and outlet pipes are strategically positioned to ensure smooth and efficient filling and emptying processes. Level - monitoring devices, such as gauges and sensors, are installed to accurately track the oil level inside the tank, enabling better inventory management. Ventilation systems are also crucial. They are designed to maintain proper air circulation within the tank, preventing the accumulation of explosive gas mixtures. By safely releasing displaced air and vapors, these ventilation systems help to keep the tank at a stable pressure, further enhancing the overall safety and functionality of the oil storage tank.