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① Vertical cylindrical dome steel oil tank. The capacity is generally below 10000 cubic meters. The wall panel adopts a sleeve type connection (fillet weld). The inverted method is commonly used during construction (starting from the top of the tank, installing the tank wall layer by layer from top to bottom, and using a fan to lift the tank body). Compared with the formal installation method (starting from the bottom ring plate of the tank wall and installing the tank wall layer by layer from bottom to top), it reduces high-altitude operations.
② Vertical cylindrical floating roof steel oil tank. There is a double disc floating roof or a single disc floating roof that can float up and down. The double disc floating roof can reduce the impact of thermal radiation, therefore, the evaporation loss of oil is small. But when the capacity is large (greater than 10000 cubic meters), in order to reduce costs, a single disc floating roof is generally used. This type of oil tank should pay attention to selecting a reasonable sealing device that requires good sealing effect and easy installation and maintenance. The wall panels are connected by butt welding, and the construction commonly uses the formal method.
③ Vertical cylindrical inner floating roof steel oil tank. It has both a dome roof and an inner floating roof. The inner floating roof floats on the liquid surface inside the dome roof oil tank and can float up and down. In addition to having the characteristics of a floating roof oil tank, it can also ensure the cleanliness of the oil products.
④ Spherical steel oil tank. It can withstand a working pressure of 0.45-3 megapascals and has a capacity of generally 50-2000 cubic meters. It is commonly used for storing liquefied petroleum gas.
⑤ Horizontal steel oil tank. The capacity is generally below 50m3. Can store gasoline and volatile petroleum products.
Calculation principles
① Vertical cylindrical steel oil tank. The thickness of the tank wall, t, in millimeters, should satisfy the following equation: H is the vertical distance from the bottom edge of a certain circle of tank wall plate to the top of the tank wall (when there is an overflow port, it should be at the bottom edge of the overflow port), in meters; D is the inner diameter of the oil tank, measured in meters; [σ] The allowable stress of the tank wall steel plate at the design temperature is measured in kilograms per square millimeter; γ is the storage density of the liquid, measured in tons per cubic meter, and γ is the weld coefficient, taken as 0.9; C0 is the allowable negative deviation of steel plate thickness, measured in millimeters; C is the corrosion allowance, measured in millimeters. The anti wind ring and tank wall reinforcement ring on the floating roof oil tank wall should be determined by calculation. The stability of the arch is first verified, that is, the design external pressure of the arch should be less than the allowable critical pressure of the arch. When constructing oil tanks in earthquake resistant areas, seismic calculations must be conducted on the tank walls. When the volume is greater than 50000 cubic meters, if a floating roof steel oil tank is used, the steel plate thickness at the lower part of the tank wall should be more than 40 millimeters, which is not easy to roll into a circular arc shape. A floating roof reinforced concrete oil tank can be used instead.
② Spherical steel oil tank. The thickness of the spherical shell, stability of the support column, size of the foundation plate, tie rods and their connections, and the connection between the support column and the spherical shell should be calculated. The steel oil tank foundation vertical oil tank should be installed on the asphalt sand insulation layer to prevent corrosion of the oil tank bottom plate. If the oil temperature is greater than 80 ° C, an insulation layer should be added to the upper part of the insulation layer. The lower part is a compacted sand or sand gravel mixed material cushion layer, surrounded by slope protection or ring walls. Reinforced concrete ring wall foundation can be used when the foundation is weak, located in an earthquake zone, or when the land use is restricted. Reinforced concrete independent foundations or circular foundations can be used under the pillars of spherical oil tanks. The horizontal oil tank adopts a pier wall foundation, and the position and height of the tank body should be able to allow the oil to flow naturally. Although the foundation of the steel oil tank allows for significant uniform settlement, in order to offset the settlement value, the foundation should be raised in advance. And it is necessary to prevent uneven settlement of the foundation to avoid damage to the oil tank.