Working principle of petrol fuel tank - SUMAC Auto Recycling Equipment Co.,Ltd

Petrol fuel tank serves as a crucial component in vehicles powered by gasoline, with its working principle closely related to fuel storage, supply, and safety management.

Fuel Storage
The primary function of the petrol fuel tank is to store gasoline. Constructed from materials like metal (such as steel or aluminum) or high - strength plastics, it is designed to hold a certain volume of fuel. These materials ensure durability and resistance to corrosion, preventing fuel leakage and maintaining the integrity of the stored fuel. The tank's shape and size vary depending on the vehicle type, but it is always optimized to fit within the vehicle's body while maximizing fuel capacity.

Fuel Supply
When the engine needs fuel, a fuel pump located either inside the tank or nearby is activated. In modern vehicles, an electric fuel pump is commonly used. It creates pressure to draw gasoline from the tank through a fuel line. The fuel line is connected to the tank's outlet, which is designed to prevent debris from entering the line. As the pump operates, it forces the gasoline through filters to remove any remaining impurities before delivering it to the engine's fuel injection system or carburetor. The amount of fuel supplied is regulated by the engine control unit (ECU), which monitors the engine's operating conditions, such as speed and load, to ensure the right amount of fuel is delivered for efficient combustion.

Safety Mechanisms
Safety is a top priority in the design of petrol fuel tanks. A ventilation system is installed to balance the pressure inside and outside the tank. As the fuel is consumed, air needs to enter the tank to prevent a vacuum from forming, which could impede fuel flow. Conversely, when the vehicle is refueling or when the fuel heats up and expands, the ventilation system allows the excess vapor to escape safely. Additionally, fuel tanks are equipped with anti - slosh baffles inside. These baffles reduce the sloshing of fuel during vehicle movement, minimizing the risk of fuel surging and potential leaks. In case of a roll - over or collision, some tanks are designed with features like rupture - resistant materials or additional safety valves to prevent fuel leakage, thus reducing the risk of fire.